Table 2 Effect of TCC on PBMCs proliferation, cytotoxic activity and immune cells – comparisons between control group at t = 0 and at t = 16 week, and between TCC group at t = 0 and at t = 16 week

PBMCs proliferation (OD at 570 nm)

0.5 × 10⁶

0.89 ± 0.26

0.99 ± 0.25

0.70 ± 0.28

0.92 ± 0.24*

1 × 10⁶

1.33 ± 0.26

1.39 ± 0.18

1.21 ± 0.23

1.66 ± 0.37‡

PBMCs cytolytic activity (A549 viability; OD at 450 nm)

50:1 E:T ratio

1.04 ± 0.33

0.99 ± 0.25

1.04 ± 0.19

0.51 ± 0.15‡^▲

25:1 E:T ratio

0.85 ± 0.39

0.76 ± 0.22

0.85 ± 0.16

0.51 ± 0.13‡^▲

12.5:1 E:T ratio

0.66 ± 0.20

0.63 ± 0.20

0.53 ± 0.15

0.52 ± 0.20

Immune cells

NK (%)

20.49 ± 6.82

20.17 ± 7.35

22.66 ± 8.23

27.94 ± 10.3^▲

NKT (%)

3.89 ± 2.59

2.87 ± 1.71

3.58 ± 2.97

3.83 ± 3.03

DC11c⁺ DCs (%)

1.63 ± 0.80

1.47 ± 0.61

2.37 ± 1

3.09 ± 1.57

DC123⁺ DCs (%)

0.42 ± 0.22

0.63 ± 0.38

0.95 ± 0.44

1.10 ± 0.58