Table 3 Changes in DASS-21 and SF-36 scores over time
Baseline | Week 4 | Week 8 | Repeated Measures ANOVA | Cohen’s D effect size | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p-value time effects | p-value time x group interaction | |||||||
DASS-21: Total Score | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 22.87 | 19.71 | 19.28 | .058 | .044 | .46 |
SE | 2.71 | 2.69 | 3.03 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 23.42 | 13.95 | 13.89 | <.001 | |||
SE | 3.16 | 1.81 | 1.86 | |||||
DASS-21: Depression | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 6.31 | 5.33 | 5.44 | .423 | .363 | .26 |
SE | 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.15 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 5.79 | 3.42 | 3.47 | .006 | |||
SE | 1.25 | 0.72 | 0.64 | |||||
DASS-21: Anxiety | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 5.08 | 4.67 | 4.26 | .375 | .023 | .53 |
SE | 0.85 | 0.86 | 0.83 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 5.68 | 3.05 | 2.74 | <.001 | |||
SE | 0.90 | 0.57 | 0.59 | |||||
DASS-21: Stress | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 11.49 | 9.18 | 9.59 | .007 | .157 | .35 |
SE | 1.22 | 1.16 | 1.30 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 11.95 | 7.47 | 7.68 | <.001 | |||
SE | 1.45 | 0.82 | 0.95 | |||||
SF-36: Physical functioning | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 88.08 | 89.74 | 91.92 | .170 | .250 | .11 |
SE | 2.31 | 2.77 | 2.60 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 86.58 | 90.92 | 89.08 | .019 | |||
SE | 2.45 | 1.70 | 2.32 | |||||
SF-36: Role limitations due to physical health | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 69.87 | 80.13 | 84.87 | .137 | .814 | .03 |
SE | 6.37 | 5.60 | 4.77 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 69.74 | 84.87 | 81.41 | .008 | |||
SE | 6.68 | 2.32 | 5.09 | |||||
SF-36: Role limitations due to emotional problems | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 59.79 | 66.67 | 77.79 | .019 | .476 | .14 |
SE | 6.03 | 6.13 | 5.53 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 70.24 | 81.61 | 82.45 | .060 | |||
SE | 5.74 | 4.82 | 5.00 | |||||
SF-36: Energy/fatigue | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 41.79 | 46.92 | 52.05 | .003 | .073 | .11 |
SE | 3.55 | 3.26 | 3.59 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 44.47 | 56.58 | 52.63 | <.001 | |||
SE | 2.93 | 2.80 | 3.48 | |||||
SF-36: Emotional wellbeing | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 67.90 | 71.69 | 79.47 | .016 | .272 | .20 |
SE | 2.39 | 2.93 | 2.06 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 73.47 | 79.47 | 74.26 | .047 | |||
SE | 2.59 | 2.06 | 2.58 | |||||
SF-36: Social functioning | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 74.87 | 85.13 | 89.92 | <.001 | .983 | .01 |
SE | 3.88 | 3.00 | 2.81 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 74.18 | 85.05 | 88.97 | <.001 | |||
SE | 3.27 | 3.50 | 2.60 | |||||
SF-36: General health | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 58.72 | 63.59 | 65.26 | .002 | .919 | .08 |
SE | 3.83 | 3.33 | 3.38 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 65.13 | 69.47 | 70.53 | .031 | |||
SE | 2.86 | 2.77 | 3.13 | |||||
SF-36 - Pain | Placebo (n = 39) | Mean | 74.41 | 79.15 | 81.51 | .018 | .023 | .43 |
SE | 3.06 | 2.82 | 2.54 | |||||
Curcumin (n = 38) | Mean | 62.66 | 77.61 | 77.29 | <.001 | |||
SE | 3.49 | 2.78 | 2.99 | |||||